The Rise of Islam
Most of the Arabian Peninsula is (1) Desert, water found only at (2) Oasis. To survive in thie environment, early Arabs organized into (3) Tirbes. Some Arabs were desert herders. They moved from oasis to oasis and were called (4) Bedouin. Other Arabs lived in villages. (5) Makkah became the largest and richest of towns because it was a crossroads for merchants and a religious site.
A successful man named (6) Muhammad was visited by an angel and given instructions to preach (7) Islam, meaning "surrendering to the will of (8) God. " He preached his message everywhere he went. He and his followers moved to the city Yathrib, which was later renamed (9) Madinah, meaning "the city of the prophet." He created a(n)(10) Ummah, a government that uses its power to uphold in Islam. He also built an army and conquered (11) Makkah in A.D. 630. After Muhammad died, Islam continued to spread all over Arabia.
The messages Muhammad said he received from Allah became the (12) Quran, or holy book of Islam. This book instructs Muslims how to live. Muslims are expected to fulfill the (13) Five pillars of islam, or acts of worship. Muslims are also to follow the (14) Sunnah, customs based on Muhammad's words and deeds.
- a new name given to the town of Yathrib, meaning "city of the prophet" = Madinah
- a green area fed by underground water = Oasis
- a low square building in the middle of Makkah, containing a great stone = Kaaba
- a group of travelling merchants and animals = Caravan
- the holy book of Islam = Quran
- a desert herder who travelled from oasis to oasis = Bedouin
- the largest town in Arabia and Muhammad's birthplace = Makkah
- the head of an Arab tribe = Sheikh
Building Academic Vocabulary
- The student asked the ____ for help in completing her research = Instructor (noun)
- The boy's parents were concerned about the lack of ______ that their son was receiving at preschool = instruction (noun)
- The professor's lecture was very ______ = Instructive (adjective)
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